In the articles here, I discuss some of the inherent problems of building complex, software-intensive systems.

What is Complexity

Lots of people talk about ‘complex systems’ and ‘complex issues’ and we are never sure if…

Reductionism and Complex Systems Engineering

Reductionism is a philosophical position that a complex system is nothing but the sum of its parts, and that an account…

Refining Maier's classification of systems of systems

I recently re-read Mark Maier’s now classic systems engineering paper ‘ ‘Architecting Principles for Systems of…

The Myth of Software Simplicity

I gave a talk a while ago about complexity and large-scale systems. In the discussion following the talk, one of the…